Commercial, non commercial (NC), public broadcast and no-profit, community radio, and student run campus radio station.
Radio stations broadcast news, music and other programmes to listeners all around the world. These stations come in many different sizes and styles, ranging from the local niche station to huge national companies like the BBC.
At the beginning of the second millennium the very use of the term 'radio' has become debatable because it is now available on so many platforms other than that provided by the traditional transmitter-receiver model. This section will survey these platforms including Digital Audio Broadcasting Digital Multimedia Broadcasting through mobile devices web radio and podcasting.
BBC local radio has operated since 1967 and 40 stations across Britain provide local audiences with news, entertainment and specialist programming. Since 2005 these stations largely stopped having programmes for specific groups and instead they aim at a broad demographic of 50 plus with a centralised playlist across all stations. National and Regional Audience Councils are made up of members of the public who have who meet monthly to present issues of audience feedback and concern which are then fed back to Trust members each council is chaired by a Trustee. Issues about management and performance of all radio stations are considered alongside online and television.
P1
An example of a National commercial radio station would be Absolute radio, Absolute radio 80s, and Absolute radio 90s, owned by Bauer Media Group. These radio stations obtain funding via adverts and sponsors from other conglomerate companies. Each station plays contemporary music from specific genres of music from different eras, each station appeals to its own niche and uses targeted ads to market directly to their target audience. Absolute radio plays Adult-orientated pop/rock Music which appeals to a niche group of people who like that genre, and rather listen to this than contemporary pop music from the present day. The BBC is a non-profit organisation, this means that their radio stations receives budget from the government. They are not allowed to play adverts or sponsor certain products because they obtain their funding from the public taxes (tele licence). BBC radio one focuses on appealing to a large target audience by playing contemporary music from the present day. This mostly consistent of POP music, or occasionally RAP and R&B; BBC 1 Extra normally plays RAP and R&B but popular songs such as Lucid Dreams by Juice WRLD or Ransom by Lil Tecca would be that popular that they would be played on BBC 1. They do this so that they appeal to a wider audience and keep their listenership of 8.25 listeners. BBC market this radio station to the mainstream audience and would use above the line marketing methods via buses, TV adverts, posters, and billboards as to advertise the radio station to the whole of the UK. Hallam FM is a local radio station owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to South Yorkshire.
An example of a Doncaster community radio station is Sine FM. This station is also a not for profit radio station but is more local and only broadcasted in Doncaster. The programmes it plays are widely different and vary in genre and style. Owned by Higher rhythm, Sine FM has been broadcasting in Doncaster since 2007 and currently works at XP school. Instead of appealing to a specific target audience, Sine FM markets appeals to music fans. They have many programmes that focus on widely different topics from Heavy Metal, to R & B. For example: On Monday the 28th of March at 8pm, the programme playing was Dark side of the metal. This programme is targeted towards adults and older teens who are Heavy metal fans. This is because of the content and the time that the programme is being broadcasted. Before this, at 5pm, the programme being shown was the Old record club show. Which is targeted to a much older and niche audience due to its content covering records of older music. As vinyls are a very niche form of media, this programme targets a more niche group of people who collect that old form of media. Since Sine FM is a non-profit radio station, they do not advertise their station and instead allow volunteers including students to come in and work on their own radio station. They may be marketing from word of mouth, and also through forming joint ventures with many schools, and colleges in Doncaster like XP and UTC.
P2
Capital music is a national radio station based in London, but is also has regional brodcasting stations such as Capital Yorkshire and Capital London. It is a commercial radio station that earns revenue from adverts that play after some songs. The conglomerates that own Capital FM are Global media & Entertainment and GCap media. Capital FM plays contemporary music from recent years, it has a breakfast and evening show that is targeted to a mainstream audience. As of June 2018, the stations serve a combined weekly audience of 7.4 million listeners and target a core audience in the 15–34 age group; 57% of all listeners are within this demographic. Their most popular programme is their Breakfast show, hosted by Roman Kemp. This programme plays pop music that is mainstream as to appeal to Gen x and Millennials who are driving to work or their kids to school. They use synergy to market their sister locations such as Capital XTRA and Capital Dance. These stations target a much younger audience due to the content featured in the stations. By expanding their branch they were able to appeal to a much wider target audience which allowed them to earn more revenue from advertisement's. To further this, they also expanded what media their content could be accessed through. Roman Kemp is an English radio host and television personality. Since 2014, he has presented the national radio network Capital FM and their own breakfast show since 2017. He is used by Capital to present their breakfast show which is their most listened to programme. The young presenter and his co presenters talk very informal and unprofessional which makes them more relatable for their target audience. It also allows Capital to appeal to young adults and teens, as they like the presenter for his relatability and friendly relationship with his Co presenters. He is a presenter that is easy to digest and listen to that appeals to mainstream audiences.
M1
Capital FM
Owned by Global media & Entertainment and GCap media, Capital is a station that play contemporary music from the 2010s and up. The Breakfast show is presented by Roman Kemp, Sian Welby and Sonny Jay and is shown to be a very informal and unprofessional show, as to appeal to a younger target audience of 15-year-olds to 30-year-olds. It is structured very fast and spends little time in the introduction. It takes around 60 seconds for the programme to start playing music, and the first song played is a very upbeat, well known song. The intro is an informal greeting between the presenters which allows them to introduce themselves. Plus, they use sound effects and jingles which are loud and create a lot of energy that can be used to keep the attention of the audience. This makes sense as their target audience is young adults and teens. So they would use energetic presenters and music to grab the attention of the audience. The news that is played every 40 minutes is presented at a very fast pace and lasted less than 2 minutes, The content consisted of information about Russia, weather, traffic etc. When the music isn't playing, the presenters are talking about trending topics and also interacting with the audience in ways that are entertaining and comical. Presenters talk about what they would be doing during the weekend or a hobby they have got into. The show is written like this as it's relatable and feels like friends speaking peer to peer towards each other, which makes the show more enjoyable and fun to watch. They also allow the audience to call the station and interact with the presenters. For example: The presenters allowed a caller to join the show and say their 'morning pun' as the presenters were trying to think of ones. The humour can vary, as it's mostly relatable humour that older Gen x and Millennials can enjoy. The music is contemporary pop from the 2010s and up, but will sometimes incorporate music from the RAP and R & B genres. The show conforms to the Ofcom codes like section one and two by censoring songs that use offensive language that isn't suitable for under 18-year-olds. Similarly, to conform to codes like section four, five, and seven, the presenters would refrain from making comments about religions, people, or public figures. While also making sure that at the news and information they tell the audience is real and accurate as to avoid confusion. Capital use professional researches to find the information, and the presenter who states the information speaks in a much more formal manner as to make sure the public understand what he is saying. Content on programme?
Rap and R n B
Uk and American music from
Contemporary music
It seems like they try to appeal to both
Production techniques and how these create meaning - e.g. jingle, types of sound effects, music and playlists, interviews, sound bridges, audio ident, how presenters talk (Formal, informal, peer to peer, parent to child)?
very peer to peer and informal
They use the same jingle which is just a voice over of a women saying Capital extra, but they will sometimes add voice overs from popular artists which would be used to appeal.
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